Type of Deep Foundation in Civil Engineering

At the point when depth of balance is bigger than width of balance then this kind of foundation is called deep foundation. Fundamentally there are three kinds of deep foundations, as follows.

• Pile Foundation
• Caissons
• Cofferdams

In this article we will learn about Pile Foundations in detail.

Pile Foundation

It is the kind of deep foundation wherein a long chamber of various materials like concrete, steel, timber and so on are utilized. This sort of foundations is utilized when:

• At the point when the safe bearing limit of soil isn't acceptable.
• At the point when the water table is at higher depth.
• When there are no hard layers accessible at lower depth.
• At the point when the cost of dewater for shallow balance is higher.
• When there is an overwhelming load.
• At the point when the foundation conveys non uniform load.
• When anchoring a structure is required.
• To develop structure in the marine region.

Fundamentally there are two sorts of pile based on load bearing.

• Load Bearing Pile
  • This kind of pile is utilized for transmitting vertical load which originates from the above structure.
• Non Load Bearing Pile
  • This kind of pile is not intended for transmitting vertical load be that as it may, it is utilized for other reasons like compaction of soil layers subterranean.

Pile is arranged base on work as following way:

1. Bearing Piles or End Bearing Piles
2. Friction Piles or Skin Friction Piles
3. Sheet Piles
4. Tension Piles or Uplift Piles
5. Anchor Piles
6. Batter Piles
7. Fender Piles
8. Compaction Piles

Bearing Piles or End Bearing Piles

End bearing piles are transmit load by utilizing end part of pile in this kind of pile the base of pile is lay on hard layers i.g. rock. pile are driven upto hard layers. Following are the photos of end bearing piles.

Friction Piles or Skin Friction Piles

This sort of pile load is fundamentally changed by the skin friction of the pile. For increasing load conveying limit of pile follow things are follows:

• by incrementing the distance across the pile.
• by increment length of pile.
• by decreasing dispersing between contiguous piles.
• by making a pile of harsh surfaces.

Sheet Piles

Sheet piles are not intended for taking vertical load yet it is utilized to hold soil/water as a retraining divider.

Tension pile or Uplift pile

These kinds of piles are utilized for anchoring structure with soil strata. This sort of piles are utilized when there is high elevated pressure. When structure is tall because of wind weight or quake or even power structure attempt to upset at ground level so it produces elastic worry in Foundation why tension piles or Uplift piles are utilized for resisting upsetting of structure.

Anchor piles

These kinds of piles are utilized for anchoring the structure against high parallel pulls.

Batter piles

These kinds of piles are placed in ground to oppose flat push which is item by structure this sort of piles are utilized in marine structures.

Fender piles

This kind of piles are utilized to secure waterfront structures or marine structures from the coasting

Compaction pile

This kind of pile is not utilized for conveying vertical load, yet it is utilized for expanding the bearing limit of soil layers.